A New Culture of Accountability

Integrated teams, functioning in a culture of accountability, are the performance driver of choice in today’s high performing organizations. Research has demonstrated the superiority of group decision making over that of even the most single, talented individual. There is one obvious exception to this rule: when a team is conflicted or dispirited, decision making takes a dramatic turn for the worse. Most often this conflict occurs at a time of crisis when the imperatives of communication, cooperation, and integrated teamwork are most necessary in deriving the optimal outcome.

The key to peak performance is maintaining mission focus – fulfilling the purpose for why the organization exists. Without the dynamic combination of highly effective relationships, deep and broad continuing education, a culture of accountability, innovative and purposeful application of technology and the commitment to performance excellence, your organization is destined to equilibrium of performance mediocrity.

As we collectively conform individual behaviours to an interdependent culture of accountability we will drive performance to the highest levels. Organizations entrenched in a status quo, top/down driven hierarchy and its inherent lack of highly developed interpersonal relationships can no longer compete with organizations operating in collaborative cultures of multi-directional communication pathways, decentralized command and control operational structures, and integrated multifunctional teams.

The need for creating this culture shift is self-evident. We have spent countless hours and dollars on other methods, programs, and systems to improve safety, quality, and service, with marginal improvements. The talent, personality, behaviour/social style, position of authority, and single track expertise of one individual are no longer sufficient to drive high levels of performance. The technical burden and knowledge requirements of today’s workplace environment exceed the capacity of any one highly intelligent, driven, individual, to succeed and achieve alone. Bringing people together in a cohesive, cooperative and collaborative culture is the only way to performance excellence in today’s world.

CORPORATE HARMONY is grateful to Dr. Michael E. Frisina for his contributions to this entry.

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Let Behaviour Drive Performance

When you think about behaviour competency to drive performance, consider the following key behaviour skills, and then ask yourself if you are guilty of making the assumption that your people are aware of and competent in these abilities:

1. Build and Maintain a Core Foundation Linked to Behaviour Based Expectations.
If you lack the clarity of knowing what you believe, you will lack consistency in behaviour that drives peak performance. Take for example the values statement “Integrity, Compassion, Accountability, Respect, Excellence”. From these values, it is necessary to develop clearly articulated behaviour-based expectations to be reflected in individual performance appraisals. Doing so will leave no doubt how people of this organization are expected to treat one another and their key constituents in their daily, accountable behaviour – constantly aligning these values and their resulting behaviours to drive performance.

2. Accept Responsibility and Take Initiative for Performance.
Character competence alone reflected in a core foundation and behaviour-based expectation is insufficient to drive peak performance. Technical competence, the ability to get things done and deliver results, is the opposite side of this proverbial performance coin. The simple adage to drive this behaviour is doing the right thing, the right way, for the right reasons. Do not make excuses, do not blame shift, and do not allow yourself to become a victim to avoid accepting personal responsibility and taking initiative to get things done on the one hand, and managing your behaviour performance on the other.

3. Hold Yourself Accountable.
Behaviour based expectations and taking responsibility precede accountability. Imagine, if you will, what an organization looks like and feels like without accountability – finger pointing, blame shifting, insecurity, double standards, and extremely low levels of trust. How motivated, energized, and engaged in your performance are you likely to be in such an organization? Accountability is a must in order for leaders to hold themselves and others accountable for a culture of mutual respect to drive performance.

4. Pursue Effective Communication.
Stephen R. Covey may have said it best in 7 Habits when he advised that we are to “seek to understand before we demand to be understood.” History is replete with failure in execution in a host of examples from business, politics, health care and the military related to ineffective, incomplete, and unclear communication. We have all been taught that the key to communication is listening. This is true but first you must care deeply in order to listen for effective understanding. Effective communication, as a highly influential trust behaviour, initially requires deep caring and emotional connection as you seek first to understand, before demanding to be understood. ..

CORPORATE HARMONY is grateful to Dr. Michael E. Frisina for his contributions to this entry.

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Social Relationships Matter

There is lots of researcher indicating that social cohesion (the result of highly effective relationships) accounts for roughly one quarter of a team’s performance. Think about this in terms of productivity. Consider a department with target revenue of $100 million dollars. If there is dysfunctional behaviour and ineffective relationships they lose $28 million. With high functioning relationships they garner $128 million. This creates a variability factor of $56 million.

In his article “Building a Vision Guided, Values – Driven Organization,” Richard Barrett cited research indicating that as much as 39 percent of the variability in corporate performance is directly related to the level of employee engagement. Most noteworthy in this article are not just the impact of individual behaviour and the impact on performance, but leadership behaviour in particular.

Barrett notes that 69 percent of the variability in employee engagement and work fulfillment is attributable to the capability of the immediate leader. If you do not have clearly established standards and behaviour expectations for leaders, and an ongoing program to teach, confirm and monitor behaviour performance, you can be guaranteed your organization is not performing at optimum. The extent to which organization members can rationally and emotionally connect behaviour with the organization’s mission and vision, fuels higher levels of engagement that drives performance by any measurable criteria on the organization’s dashboard.

CORPORATE HARMONY is grateful to Dr. Michael E. Frisina for his contributions to this entry.

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Behaviour Accountability

This is the most challenging aspect of the coaching and counseling process: To adequately acknowledge the need to change behaviour, a person must be compelled to search for, examine and question those unconscious assumptions they have buried deep in the recesses of their mind. He/she must challenge the prevailing patterns that have been acquired and formed over time and life experiences, and replace them with more positive, effective and productive patterns. This is truly why so much coaching and counseling is ineffective in bringing about internal and lasting change to employees with behaviour problems.

At this stage of the process, most employees will say whatever they think is necessary to get out of the counseling session and do whatever is necessary to keep their jobs. They modify their behaviour to your expectation until doing so becomes too much of a burden. However, dissonance (stress) is caused when their modified, external behaviour is not in alignment with their internal understanding of how they choose to act and how they choose to see the world around them. Once that burden becomes too hard to bear, they revert back to following their internal drivers (old patterns) and their toxic behaviour returns to the workplace.

When this pattern emerges with an employee, the only question remaining is how long you will continue to invest time in someone who poisons the work place. Firing often isn’t necessary: Our practical work experience suggests that when problem employees get the sense that you are serious about behaviour accountability, they will exercise their freedom of choice and decide they do not want to work for an organization where they are held accountable for their behaviour.

Much of conventional thinking would have us believe we should be spending the majority of our time trying to “cure” the ills of our behaviour-problem employees at the expense of time spent developing the skill and talent of our middle and high-level performers. We need to challenge this thinking and have the courage to replace it with a model that focuses on developing and exploiting the skills of our high performers while mitigating the detrimental behaviour of the problem employee. Build a culture based on individual behaviour accountability and you will eliminate your recruiting and retention problem. You will also gain the respect and appreciation of your loyal and productive members of the organization.

Allowing employees with a bad attitude to work in the organization is a morale killer. When leaders begin to hold employees accountable for their attitudes and support a program for a new mindset skill – the skill of Positive Presence, the toxic employee will either change or leave of their own accord.

CORPORATE HARMONY is grateful to Dr. Michael E. Frisina for his contributions to this entry.

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The Accountability of Change

A fundamental principle, what one might call a natural law, is that people choose to act and behave based on what they believe to be true about how they see the world around them. Neuroscience research substantiates this claim. The human brain functions in a pattern recognition system. Patterning is phenomenally strong and we create a “confirmation bias” to accept outside inferences and influences that match the patterns we have created for how we choose to see the world in which we live.

As a result, our brain works very hard to defend our current habits, even toxic and destructive ones. Behind our thoughts are our assumptions, the source for the way we think and act. We have acquired these assumptions throughout our lifetime, and as we collect them and file them away, we rarely bring them back to the surface level of our consciousness. This is fundamentally why leaders can have little, direct effect on changing the behaviour of problem employees unless they establish accountability systems that require self-awareness, self-management, and behaviour-based expectations of human performance – not just technical performance.

Imposing outward controls to change behaviour provides only a “quick fix” modification of behaviour that is not linked to any internal control. Once the force of the external constraint, whether negative consequence or positive
incentive, loses its effectiveness, individuals will revert to behaviour driven by the assumptions of the internal drivers, mental models, focus frames, and cognitive, confirmation biases.

Consequently, to be truly effective in our responsibility to those we lead, we must:
• clearly establish the standards and desired results we expect in behaviour;
• identify clearly for problem employees why their behaviour does not meet those standards and expectations;
• hold these employees accountable and get them to acknowledge their need to change; and
• most importantly, introduce the skill of Positive Presence and the necessary tools to create the habits of a positive mindset.

CORPORATE HARMONY is grateful to Dr. Michael E. Frisina for his contributions to this entry.

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Managing the Human Element: The Toxic Employee

Virtually all the advice on getting people to engage in their work and increase their productivity is predicated on a false assumption, namely that any form of outside influence will result in lasting internal change, stimulating pride, purpose, motivation and a positive attitude. Unlike animals, human beings have the power to choose inappropriate behaviour and substandard performance, and often will willfully do so, even in the face of overwhelming negative consequences. Consequently, the current model for how to manage employees is ineffective. We need to focus our leadership energy into the high- and mid-level performers rather than investing ourselves in those who are choosing substandard attitudes and behaviours.

We would like to believe that the individuals we hire already have an understanding of the values and ethics required to be successful in our workplaces. Unfortunately, some people are working only for their paycheck regardless of their capability to perform tasks to standards and regardless of their pitiful attitude and toxic behaviour toward others. No amount of encouragement, incentive, coaching, counseling, positive reinforcement, discipline, or “how-positive-I-am-in-my-belief” that they can change has any impact on these people. Until they choose to become a different person, a more emotionally positive person, a more caring person, a less selfish person, a less bitter person, a less angry person, a less “the world owes me” kind of person, we are left with little choice but to remove them from our organizations as quickly as possible. When we do, teamwork will improve within and across department lines. There will be an immediate release of creativity and prudent risk taking and innovation to improve processes.

If you think for a minute that you have a responsibility to rehabilitate these people, or that recruiting and training a new hire to replace them will be too costly, you are wrong. Unless you have a willingness to hold them accountable for their internal attitude, they will remain in your organization far too long, requiring hours of documentation for your human resources department and labor attorney. Eventually, when you are compelled to fire these people, you still will face a lawsuit because you have given them time to build an employment history they will use against you in court.

As leaders today we must become proficient at identifying and building the necessary objectives and measures that will unquestionably reflect the alignment of an employee’s values, beliefs, and ethics, with those of the organization. It is with these employees that are aligned that leaders must spend their time. The employee that is not aligned with the organization’s values, beliefs and ethics must be moved on.

CORPORATE HARMONY is grateful to Dr. Michael E. Frisina for his contributions to this entry.

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When is Enough Enough?

The human capacity for choice can be both a blessing and a curse. The capacity to choose is often times overlooked when it comes to understanding performance in the work place. In times of a labor shortage, managers tend to disregard individual accountability, especially with an employee who is extremely proficient in a technical sense but whose attitude and behaviour is toxic. Managers try to cure these employees by applying a host of techniques related to communication, behaviour-based expectations, training and retraining, rewards and recognitions. E. Lawrence Kersten calls all this activity the “motivational-educational-industrial or the ME-I” complex, where managers are “encouraged” that the ills of problem employees are curable. (See “Soul Assassins,” Fast Company, May 2005, page 85.)

On the contrary, our research has found that, at a certain point, enough is enough. Many problem employees who are poisonous to the cohesion of a department do not respond to motivation. If you try to challenge their status quo, they will erupt—especially when you decide to create a culture of accountability. The best tactic is to remove them from the work place or to pressure them into a choice: change or leave.

Don’t misunderstand this point – there is still a huge need for performance coaching and counseling to achieve optimal performance outcomes. Providing resources and training to people with the right attitude will help them learn and grow, allowing them to be highly productive.

We spend far too much time trying to coach the negative attitudes of problem employees than we do with those employees who want to improve their skills, who desire to contribute to the greater good of the organization, but who simply lack the requisite skill or knowledge to do so effectively.

CORPORATE HARMONY is grateful to Dr. Michael E. Frisina for his contributions to this entry.

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Organizations Do Not Do Things – People Do

TQM, Total Quality Management, is a philosophy first and process improvement second, however most people equate the ‘Deming Cycle’ of Plan-Do-Check-Act (PDCA) to process improvement initiatives such as SixSigma and LEAN.

Dr. Deming continually emphasized, however, that organizational quality is not always a function of doing things better but doing things differently. To do things differently requires the need to change what we believe, what we think, and how we behave. In calling for a transformation of management operations, Deming was calling for a fundamental change in leader and manager behaviour. The philosophy of total quality is clear: you cannot expect organizations to change unless the people do. Individual breakthrough drives organizational breakthrough.

Such a belief exposes a fundamental misunderstanding of the Deming philosophy in its application and consequently perpetuates thinking and behaviour that leads to one failed improvement initiative after another. Close examination of his now famous 14 points for transforming business effectiveness will reveal this misunderstanding and demonstrate that effective implementation of the 14 Points requires a fundamental change in our beliefs, our thinking, and our behaviour toward creating cultures of organizational excellence.

Create a constancy of purpose – the first point that begins the Deming philosophy is that leadership must
create a compelling vision that clearly defines the meaning, value, and purpose of the organization. Such a leadership function is behaviour driven not process driven.

Adopt a new philosophy – in Deming’s words, Western management must awaken to the challenge, learn their responsibilities and take on leadership for change. As a key principle for transformation of business effectiveness, again we see the driver is behaviour change that precedes the employment of statistical process and systems based solutions.

As a companion to his 14 Points, Dr. Deming created a list of his “Seven Deadly Diseases.” Ironically the first deadly disease, “a lack of constancy of purpose,” is the failure to appropriately implement point one
of the 14 Points. In a lesser category of obstacle he warned against relying on technology to solve problems. Leaders who misinterpret the understanding and the application of this philosophy will
continue to cycle in the frustration of Einstein’s definition of insanity – continuing to do what we have
always done expecting to get a different result.

While it is true that Deming said that 90 percent of the problems of organizations are general problems and 10 percent are specific problems with people, we err in our misinterpretation of process over people and systems over behaviour. By doing so we have violated the fundamental principle of organizational excellence, namely that organizations do not do things, people do.

CORPORATE HARMONY is grateful to Dr. Michael E. Frisina for his contributions to this entry.

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The Deming Way

December 20, 2021 will mark the twenty-eighth anniversary of the passing of Dr. W. Edwards Deming. As we all know, Dr. Deming is touted as the key innovator in driving top management toward improvements in design, product quality, testing, and sales through application of statistical methods.

Unfortunately, even after all these many years, so many industries are still struggling not only to understand Deming’s philosophy but teach and implement his methodologies effectively to drive significant improvement in outcome measures of safety, quality, and service.

Total Quality is a Philosophy….but somewhere in the midst of all the doing of total quality and continuous improvement in process and systems we have neglected to grasp that the very essence of process improvement is a mindset, a philosophy, of what we believe to be true about providing high quality products and excellence in service and business performance. One thing we do seem to be convinced of is that Dr. Deming was all about focusing on process and systems and not on the behaviour of people. If something is not working well – don’t look at the people look at the process.

Dr. Deming continually emphasized, however, that organizational quality is not always a function of doing things better but doing things differently. To do things differently requires the need to change what we believe, what we think, and how we behave.

In calling for a transformation of management operations, Deming was calling for a fundamental change in leader and manager behaviour. The philosophy of total quality is clear: you cannot expect organizations to change unless the people do. Individual breakthroughs drives organizational breakthroughs.

CORPORATE HARMONY is grateful to Dr. Michael E. Frisina for his contributions to this entry.

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Connection — Making the Choice to Change

As often mentioned, change – whether personal or organizational – is not easy. Even when presented with clear reasons and validated in research, for behaviour change it is still a distant goal for many leaders. It is not a decision to which leaders make the commitment to right away either.

In fact, some leaders do not even see the need for behaviour change. More than not, it seems that other people are the problem (but really, without the other people, how do we lead?). The truth is that no one, regardless of how high performing and high achieving, is immune to poor behaviour and poor judgment. It is easy to give in to toxic behaviours because we are inundated by them every day. On the other hand, it is hard to erase the effects of bad behaviour on our reputation and the connections we have worked hard to build.

Behaviour change should not be treated as an item on your to-do list that gets demoted to tomorrow when you get too busy to deal with it today. If that is the approach you take, you may find that at the end of the quarter your once deep connection with people, has become superficial, or your once robust influence on your staff has diminished.

At the very least, as a leader, we must make a conviction to learn about our own behaviour. That in itself is the first step. Then, we must learn about the behaviour of each one of our followers. And finally, we must learn how to adjust our personal behaviour patterns to get the most out of our followers. Making the choice to change is a personal journey, but one we all must take if we are to become and remain influential leaders. Using the skill of Positive Presence makes change far more achievable.

Once you make the choice to change your behaviour, do not get discouraged. Use as many tools as possible to help you, and conduct a self-examination before, during, and after your transformation. The good news is that you are most likely already practicing many of the approaches discussed here. Take heart in this fact. Now all you need to do is polish your approach every day to build even stronger connections.

CORPORATE HARMONY is grateful to Dr. Michael E. Frisina for his contributions to this entry.

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